SUMMARY. The guard cell size and stomatal density are important interdependent traits (r = –0,67 ± 0,146) of plant adaptive response to environmental stresses. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of inheritance, the number and effects of genes controlling phenotype of the above-mentioned leaf stomata characteristics. Hybrid F1 values, resulting from crossing by 7 × 7 half diallel crosses and values, and parental midpoints were used. Genetic control of the trait «length of guard cells» is based on the complete domination of the larger length. In the inheritance of «stomata density» the additive components were significant. It was established that recessive alleles are responsible for the increasing of stomata density (r = 0,93 ± 0,07) and their number was highest in cultivar Odesskaya 16.
Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., stomata, guard cell, stomatal density, diallel analysis
