SUMMARY. At present, brain diseases are an unsolved problem of the 21st century. Alzheimer’s disease was first discovered 100 years ago, and during this time not a single patient with this diagnosis has been cured. Therefore, the search for new treatment strategies using regulatory agents such as specific miRNAs is urgent. The aim was to determine the effect of liposomal miR-101 on amyloid-β protein 42 (Aβ42) levels and the cytokine system in a cellular model of Alzheimer’s disease. The work included PCR, ELISA and fluorescent methods. Using FAM, it was found that liposomal miR-101 accumulates in blood mononuclear cells pretreated with Aβ40 aggregates and functions for 2–3 hours, rather than being instantly destroyed by nucleases. Exogenous miR-101 did not affect AβPP gene transcription and decreased the formation of endogenous Aβ42. An indirect anti-inflammatory effect of liposomal miR-101 was established after 12 hours of incubation with mononuclear cells: a decrease in intracellular levels of TNFα and IL-10. However, miRNA-101 did not affect the expression of TNFα and IL-6 and delayed the peak of activation of IL-10 expression by 9 hours. Thus, liposomal miR-101 showed a direct anti-amyloidogenic effect and an indirect anti-inflammatory effect in a cellular model of Alzheimer’s disease.
Keywords: miR-101, Alzheimer's disease, liposomes, β-amyloid peptide, cytokines, blood mononuclear cells, fluorescein
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