TSitologiya i Genetika 2022, vol. 56, no. 2, 3-13
Cytology and Genetics 2022, vol. 56, no. 2, 109–117, doi: https://www.doi.org/10.3103/S0095452722020049

Distribution of photoperiod-insensitive alleles Ppd-D1a, Ppd-B1a, Ppd-B1a in winter common wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) of various origin

Fait V.I., Balashova I.A.

  • Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute – the National Center of Seed and Cultivar Investigation

SUMMARY. The diagnostic molecular markers were used to identify the genotypes by genes Ppd-A1, Ppd-B1, and Ppd-D1 of 232 winter common wheat cultivars from different countries, including 161 from Ukraine. Among the studied cultivars, the most common allele was Ppd-D1a (81 %), ranging from 10 % in the US cultivars to 92 % in the cultivars from Ukraine. The pedigree analysis showed that Bezosta 1, Red river 68, and Zlatna Dolina cultivars were donors of the Ppd-D1a gene in Ukrainian common wheat cultivars. Almost all cultivars, created in Ukraine from 1970s to the present day, have been carriers of Ppd-D1a. The incidence of the Ppd-B1a and Ppd-B1c alleles in the total sampling was negligible – only 3 and 5 % respectively. Locus Ppd-A1 did not have allele variations, thus all 232 genotypes were the carriers of the recessive allele Ppd-A1. In general, six different Ppd-1 genotypes were detected in the cultivars. Two (Russia) or three (the EU, the USA, Ukraine) Ppd-1 genotypes were found in the cultivars from most countries. Four Ppd-1 genotypes were found only in Japanese cultivars, the sampling of which was quite small. Higher incidence (75 %) was found only for the genotypes, dominant by the Ppd-D1a allele, ranging from 10 % (USA) to 89 % (Ukraine). The incidence of all other monogenously or digenously dominant genotypes-carriers of Ppd-1 genes was rather low (from 1 to 4 %). Monogenously Ppd-B1a dominant genotype was observed only in three cultivars from the USA, and monogenously dominant Ppd-B1c – in the Japanese cultivar Norin 1 and the Triple Dirk C line from Australia. The genotype from the Ppd-D1a Ppd-B1a allele combination was identified in three cultivars from Japan and the Kyrgyz cultivar Erythrospermum 80, and Ppd-D1a Ppd-B1c – in single cultivars from Italy, Serbia, Japan, and five cultivars from Ukraine. There was a significant increase in the share of Ppd-D1a allele carriers and a simultaneous decrease in the proportion of genotypes, recessive in terms of three Ppd-1 genes in Ukrainian and Russian cultivars, as compared with European and US cultivars.

Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., winter common wheat, photoperiod, Ppd-1 genes, genotype

TSitologiya i Genetika
2022, vol. 56, no. 2, 3-13

Current Issue
Cytology and Genetics
2022, vol. 56, no. 2, 109–117,
doi: 10.3103/S0095452722020049

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