Цитологія і генетика 2020, том 54, № 1, 82-87
Cytology and Genetics 2020, том 54, № 1, 71–81, doi: https://www.doi.org/10.3103/S0095452720010041

Taxonomic relationships and genetic variability of wild Secale L. species as a source for valued traits in rye, wheat and triticale breeding

DASKALOVA NADIA, SPETSOV PENKO

  1. Plant Production Department, Technical University, Varna 9010, Bulgaria
  2. Aksakovo Center, 9154 Aksakovo, Varna region, Bulgaria

РЕЗЮМЕ. Жито (Secale L.) належить до родини Poaceae (триба Triticeae), яка охоплює багаторічні або однорічні, самозапильні чи несамозапильні, а також культурні рослини, бур’яни або дикі види. Класифікація роду Secale суперечлива, після філогенетичних досліджень, проведених впродовж останніх десяти років, до неї ввійшло від 3–4 до 8 видів. Значне зниження успіхів у селекції жита викликане залученням до схрещування невеликої кількості виведених і місцевих сортів. Дикі види і підвиди жита мають багато цінних властивостей для дослідження, спрямованого на розширення мінливості Secale cereale subsp. cereale. Завдяки своєму генетичному різноманіттю та високому рівню експресії селекційних властивостей, вони є корисним джерелом генів для покращення тетраплоїдної та гексаплоїдної пшениці і тритикале. Привабливість одного з видів, S. vavilovii, для жита полягає у високому рівні його самозапилення, стійкості до фузаріозу колоса, септаріозу листя, високому вмісті білку, кількості пагонів та стерилізуючої цитоплазми, а також генетичної подібності до S. cereale subsp. dighoricum. Хромосоми S. strictum є джерелом стійкості до жовтої іржі злаків, російської пшеничної попелиці, твердості зерна, а також підвищеного вмісту білків та арабіноксилану.

Ключові слова: рід Secale, класифікація, польове жито, дикі види жита, генетичне різноманіття, корисні селекційні властивості

Цитологія і генетика
2020, том 54, № 1, 82-87

Current Issue
Cytology and Genetics
2020, том 54, № 1, 71–81,
doi: 10.3103/S0095452720010041

Повний текст та додаткові матеріали

Цитована література

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